How can I avoid my 401k participating in the SpaceX IPO?

[bucolic_frolic]

7. That's a bit of a generalization and not accurate in all cases

Some investors prefer managed mutual funds (not tied to an index) and seek to try to outperform the indexes, and some prefer ETFs which are in many cases mirrors of their mutual fund ancestors. Some great managers have enviable records in their managed funds which give better control over sector investing, geographical investing. There are times that provide opportunity for say small cap international stocks, specific regions or countries, commodities, or emerging market tech. You don't get much of that in an index fund. Some advisors say index funds have grown too large because of big tech and face headwinds from size alone.